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直接引语和间接引语 whether

时间：2023-12-12作者：CuMiEqilll11分类：生活浏览：30评论：0

直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语；用说话人自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。

不论直接引语还是间接引语都应有一个动词引述，比如：say, tell, ask ，think, write, reply等。

直接引语一般放在引号中，句首的第一个字母大写。

间接引语不用引号，间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。

直接引语变间接引语时人称代词和物主代词要根据转述人的立场作相应的变动。

◆She said：“I’m coming.””

◆She said that she was coming.

直接引语变间接引语时直接引语中第三人称不变。

◆“When will he come?” she asked .

◆She asked when he would come .

1.间接引语中动词时态的变化

He said: “I have eaten my lunch now.”

He said that he had eaten his lunch then.

注意：如果所转述的内容表示客观真理或有表示某一具体时间的状语，间接引语中的时态不变。

◆ The teacher said: “Light travels faster than sound in the air.”

◆ The teacher said light travels faster than sound in the air.

◆ He said: “I was born in 1982 .”

◆ He said that he was born in 1982 .

2、指示代词、时间状语的变化。

状语、动词的变化

注意：如果在当地转述，here不必改there, 动词不必改go,如果在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。

Tom said, “This is my sister, Amy.”

Tom said (that) that was his sister Amy.

Tom said, “I will be here tonight.”

Tom said he would be there that night.

Tom said, “I arrived here three days ago.”

Tom said he had arrived there three days before.

Tom said, “I got up late yesterday

Tom said he had got up late the day before.

直接引语变间接引语的基本类型：

直接引语为陈述句的，变间接引语时可用that引导（可以省略that） 。

◆She said: “I went to Beijing yesterday.”

◆She said that she had gone to Beijing the day before.

◆ He said, “I have left my book in your room.”

◆ He said to me that he had left his book in my room.

直接引语为一般疑问句的，变间接引语时，要用if, ,然后将原来的疑问形式改为陈述形式。

She said to me:“Do you like football?”

She asked me if \ I liked football.

直接引语为特殊疑问句的，变间接引语时，要保留原疑问词，然后将疑问形式改为陈述形式

He asked me : “When will you leave for shanghai?”

He asked me when I would leave for shanghai.

直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时用tell/ ask sb. （not）to do的形式。

The teacher said, “Boys and girls, sit down, please.”

The teacher told the boys and girls to sit down.

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